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Your Location：Home>Product Center >> Pesticide API and intermediates >> Piperonyl butoxide
  • Piperonyl butoxide
Name:Piperonyl butoxide
CAS No:51-03-6

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

【Name】
Piperonyl butoxide
【CAS Registry number】
51-03-6
【Synonyms】
Toluene, a-[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethoxy]-4,5-(methylenedioxy)-2-propyl-(8CI)
6-Propylpiperonyl butyl diethylene glycol ether
Butacide
Buticide
Butocide
Butoxide
Butoxide (synergist)
Butyl carbitol 6-propylpiperonylether
ENT 14,250
Incite
NSC 8401
1,3-Benzodioxole,5-[[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethoxy]methyl]-6-propyl-
Piperonyl
a-[2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethoxy]-4,5-methylenedioxy-2-propyltoluene
a-[2-(2-n-Butoxyethoxy)-ethoxy]-4,5-methylenedioxy-2-propyltoluene
【EINECS(EC#)】
200-076-7
【Molecular Formula】
C19H30O5 (Products with the same molecular formula)
【Molecular Weight】
338.4385
【Inchi】
InChI=1S/C19H30O5/c1-3-5-7-20-8-9-21-10-11-22-14-17-13-19-18(23-15-24-19)12-16(17)6-4-2/h12-13H,3-11,14-15H2,1-2H3
【InChIKey】
FIPWRIJSWJWJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
【Canonical SMILES】
CCCCOCCOCCOCC1=CC2=C(C=C1CCC)OCO2
【MOL File】
51-03-6.mol

Chemical and Physical Properties

【Appearance】
amber coloured liquid
【Density】
1.059
【Boiling Point】
180℃ (1 mmHg)
【Refractive Index】
1.497-1.507
【Flash Point】
170℃
【Water】
<0.1 g/100 mL at 18 ºC
【Solubilities】
<0.1 g/100 mL at 18 oC
【Color/Form】
Colorless liquid
Pale yellowish liquid
Light brown liquid
【Stability】
Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with oxidizing agents.
【Storage temp】
0-6°C
【Spectral properties】
Index of refraction: 1.50 at 20 deg C/D
Intense mass spectral peaks: 176 m/z (100%), 177 m/z (41%), 194 m/z (26%), 57 m/z (19%)
【Computed Properties】
Molecular Weight:338.4385 [g/mol]
Molecular Formula:C19H30O5
XLogP3-AA:3.7
H-Bond Donor:0
H-Bond Acceptor:5
Rotatable Bond Count:13
Exact Mass:338.209324
MonoIsotopic Mass:338.209324
Topological Polar Surface Area:46.2
Heavy Atom Count:24
Formal Charge:0
Complexity:312
Isotope Atom Count:0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count:0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count:0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count:0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count:0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Feature 3D Acceptor Count:5
Feature 3D Hydrophobe Count:2
Feature 3D Ring Count:2
Effective Rotor Count:13.6
Conformer Sampling RMSD:1.2
CID Conformer Count:60

Safety and Handling

【Hazard Codes】
T:Toxic
【Risk Statements】
R24;R51/53
【Safety Statements 】
S28;S36/37/39;S45;S61
【HazardClass】
6.1(b)
【Safety】

Hazard Codes:?N,T 
Risk Statements: 50/53-51/53-24?
R50/53:Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.?
R51/53:Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.?
R24:Toxic in contact with skin. 
Safety Statements: 60-61-45-36/37/39-28A?
S60:This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste.?
S61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.?
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)?
S36/37/39:Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.?
S28:After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of soap-suds. 
RIDADR: UN 3082 9/PG 3
WGK Germany: 3
RTECS: XS8050000
HazardClass: 6.1(b) 
PackingGroup: III

【PackingGroup 】
III
【Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Irritations】
Tests on eyes and skin of rabbits, rats, cats, and dogs showed that it was not damaging, although it may be irritating.
【Cleanup Methods】
SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.
This product is toxic to aquatic organisms, including fish and invertebrates. Do not discharge effluent containing this product into lakes, streams, ponds, estuaries, oceans or other waters unless in accordance with the requirements of a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit and the permitting authority has been notified in writing prior to discharge. Do not discharge effluent containing this product to sewer systems without previously notifying the local sewage treatment plant authority. For guidance contact your State Water Board or Regional Office of the EPA. Do not contaminate water when disposing of equipment wash-waters.
If a spill occurs, clean it up promptly. Don't wash it away. Instead, sprinkle the spill with sawdust, vermiculite, or kitty litter. Sweep it into a plastic garbage bag, and dispose of it as directed on the pesticide product label.
After Applying a Pesticide, Indoors or Outdoors. To remove pesticide residues, use a bucket to rinse tools or equipment three times, including any containers or utensils that you used when mixing the pesticide. Then pour the rinsewater into the pesticide sprayer and reuse the solution by applying it according to the pesticide product label directions. After applying any pesticide wash your hands and any other parts of your body that may have come in contact with the pesticide. To prevent tracking pesticides inside, remove or rinse your boots or shoes before entering your home. Wash any clothes that have been exposed to a lot of pesticide separately from your regular wash.
【Transport】
UN 2810
【Fire Fighting Procedures】
To fight fire, use foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical.
【Fire Potential】
Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials.
【Formulations/Preparations】
Formulation Types: Aerosol, liquid, ready-to-use solution, dust, wettable powder, microencapsulate, impregnated material, pressurized gas, pressurized liquid, pressurized spray, combustible coil, micro-emulsion, dilutable concentrate, shampoo, towelette, pour-on (spot-on), and water-based concentrate. PBO is usually formulated with insecticides and other synergists.
A complete list of currently registered active pesticide products can be found in the National Pesticide Information Retrieval System's USEPA/OPP Registered and Cancelled Pesticide Product Database. These pesticide products are registered for use in the U.S. but approved products may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved products.
Final Fly-T: Active Ingredients: 15.0% Butoxypolypropylene glycol, 1.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.1% Pyrethrins
Automist Insect Killer: Active Ingredients 3.0% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 2.0% Piperonyl butoxide,1.0% Pyrethrins
Gordon's Horse & Pony Spray: Active Ingredients 10.00% Butoxypolypropylene glycol, 0.50% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.05% Pyrethrins, 0.50% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
CB Purge III: Active Ingredients 3.050% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 1.950% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.975% Pyrethrins
Anvil 2+2 ULV: Active Ingredients 2.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 2.0% Phenothrin
Flak 10-10: Active Ingredients 10.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 10.0% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Biomist 3+15 ULV: Active Ingredients 15.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 3.0% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Chemsico Patio Spray: Active Ingredients 1.000% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.227% Tetramethrin, 0.050% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Total Release Insect Fogger: Active Ingredients 2.5% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.5% Pyrethrins
Blackjack Crawling Insect Killer II: Active Ingredients 0.750% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.150% Tetramethrin, 0.375%Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Black Jack Fly And Mosquito Killer: Active Ingredients 0.75% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.15%Tetramethrin, 0.15% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Misty Mizer Insecticide: Active Ingredients 6.16% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 3.69% Piperonyl butoxide, 1.85% Pyrethrins
Pyranha Wipe N' Spray For Horses: Active Ingredients 15.0% Butoxypolypropylene glycol, 1.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.1% Pyrethrins
Cenol Liquid House Plant Insecticide: Active Ingredients 0.020% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.011% Pyrethrins, 0.080% Resmethrin
Chem-Tox Roach And Ant Spray With Baygon: Active Ingredients 0.500% Propoxur, 0.262% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.052% Pyrethrins
bonide wasp & hornet spray: Active Ingredients 0.50% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.10% Tetramethrin, 0.25% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Lambda Pour-On Plus Topical Insecticide: Active Ingredients 5.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 1.0% (R+S)-alpha-Cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (1S+1R)-cis-3-(Z-2-chloro-3,3 ,3-trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate
Martin's Permethrin 7.4% Synergized Pour-On: Active Ingredients 7.4% Piperonyl butoxide, 7.4% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Fly-A-Rest AQ: Active Ingredients 5.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.5% Pyrethrins
Intruder Residual With Cyfluthrin: Active Ingredients 1.00% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.05% Pyrethrins, 0.10% Cyfluthrin
Country Vet Pet & Kennel Spray: Active Ingredients 5.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.5% Pyrethrins
Purge Fly Spray For Horses: Active Ingredients 12.5% Butoxypolypropylene glycol, 5.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.5% Pyrethrins
Raid Flying Insect Killer Formula 9: Active Ingredients 0.090% d-Allethrin, 0.500% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.100% Tetramethrin, 0.003% Phenothrin
Raid Roach & Flea Fogger: Active Ingredients 1.67% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 1.00% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.50% Pyrethrins
Improved Formula Raid House & Garden Bug Killer: Active Ingredients 1.25% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.25% Pyrethrins
Bolt Super Knock-Out Flying Insect Killer: Active Ingredients 1.60% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.72% Tetramethrin
Bolt Super Knock-Out Flying Insect Killer : Active Ingredients 1.050% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.176% Pyrethrins, 0.081%Tetramethrin
Raid House & Garden Bug Killer: Active Ingredients 1.05% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.25% Pyrethrins
Raid Flying Insect Killer: Active Ingredients 1.0% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 1.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.2% Pyrethrins
Zema Ear Miticide For Dogs & Cats: Active Ingredients 0.50% Piperonyl butoxide,0.05% Pyrethrins
Sergeant's Flea & Tick Powder With Permethrin: Active Ingredients 2.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.5% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Sergeant's Multipurpose Flea & Tick Killer I: Active Ingredients 0.50% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.05% Pyrethrins, 0.05% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Sergeant's Rug Patrol Carpet Insecticide And Freshener Formula B: Active Ingredients 1.63% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.46% Phenothrin
Sergeant's Skip-Flea Shampoo For Dogs: Active Ingredients 0.05% d-trans-Allethrin, 0.50% Piperonyl butoxide
Sergeant's Foam 'N Comb Dry Shampoo For Dogs And Cats: Active Ingredients 0.50% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.05% Pyrethrins
Double Duty Flea &Tick Spray, Double Duty Cat Flea & Tick Spray: Active Ingredients 0.20% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 0.12% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.06% Pyrethrins
Pro-Control Fogger IV: Active Ingredients 1.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.5% Pyrethrins, 0.1% Cyfluthrin
ULD BP-300 Insecticide: Active Ingredients 10.0% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 6.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 3.0% Pyrethrins
Whitmire PT-239 Tri-Die Insecticide: Active Ingredients 4.8% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.6% Pyrethrins, 8.0% Silicon dioxide
Whitmire PT 170 X-Clude: Active Ingredients 3.7% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 2.2% Piperonyl butoxide, 1.1% Pyrethrins
Hartz 2 In 1 Flea & Tick Killer For Carpets: Active Ingredients 1.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.1% Pyrethrins
Hartz 2 In 1 Flea + Tick Killer For Cats - Fine Mist Spray, Hartz 2 In 1 Flea & Tick Killer For Dogs With Pyrethrin: Active Ingredients 0.20% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 0.12% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.06% Pyrethrins
Hartz 2 In 1 Flea & Tick Dip For Dogs And Cats With Pyrethrin: Active Ingredients 1.11% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 0.67% Piperonyl butoxide,0.33% Pyrethrins
Hartz 2 In 1 Rid Flea Dog Shampoo: Active Ingredients 0.149% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 0.089% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.045% Pyrethrins
Permalool Plus Fogger: Active Ingredients 0.5% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.5% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans, 1.0% Linalool, 0.1% 2-(1-Methyl-2-(4-phenoxyphenoxy)ethoxy)pyridine
Hill's Holiday Flea Stop Pump Spray For Dogs & Cats: Active Ingredients 0.500% Piperonyl butoxide, 10.000% Propylene glycol, 0.925%Linalool
Mercomist Aerosol Insect Killer: Active Ingredients 1.0% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 1.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.5% Pyrethrins
Heartland Auto-Mist 3 Insect Killer: Active Ingredients 3.210% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 1.950% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.975% Pyrethrins
Elite Horse Spray: Active Ingredients 15.0% Butoxypolypropylene glycol, 1.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.1% Pyrethrins
Speer Neoperm Total Release Indoor Fogger: Active Ingredients 1.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.2% Tetramethrin, 0.2% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Elite Carpet Powder: Active Ingredients 2.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.2% Pyrethrins
Speer Py-Perm Aqueous Insect Killer#2: Active Ingredients 0.750% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.150% Pyrethrins, 0.075% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Holiday Pet Spray: Active Ingredients 0.500% Piperonyl butoxide, 10.000% Propylene glycol, 0.920% Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)- , 0.925% Linalool
Speer Dairy And Livestock RTU Spray: Active Ingredients 1.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.1% Pyrethrins
Daltek Dermatological Quick Kill Flea And Tick Spray For Dogs And Cat: Active Ingredients 1.46% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.14% Pyrethrins
Constant Companion Flea And Tick Dip: Active Ingredients 1.11% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 0.67% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.33% Pyrethrins
Force One Insect Killer: Active Ingredients 1.0% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 0.6% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.3% Pyrethrins
Pet Guard Beauty Shampoo: Active Ingredients 0.17% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 0.10% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.05% Pyrethrins
Pet Guard Pyrenone Flea & Tick Spray: Active Ingredients 0.60% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.06% Pyrethrins
Serene Companion Flea & Tick Spray For Cats: Active Ingredients 0.20% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 0.12% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.06% Pyrethrins
Constant Companion Flea & Tick Spray For Dogs: Active Ingredients 0.166% N-Octylicycloheptene dicarboximide, 0.100% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.075% Pyrethrins
Pet Guard Flea & Tick Spray For Dogs & Cats: Active Ingredients 0.1% d-trans-Allethrin, 5.0% Butoxypolypropylene glycol, 0.6% Piperonyl butoxide
Speer Professional Insect Killer: Active Ingredients 1.4% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.6% Pyrethrins
Sandoz 9116 Mousse: Active Ingredients 4.21% Piperonyl butoxide: 0.42% Pyrethrins, 0.52% 2,4-Dodecadienoic acid, 11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-, 1-methylethyl ester, (2E, 4E, 7S)-
Turbocide Pest Control System With Pyrocide: Active Ingredients 4.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.5% Pyrethrins
Zoecon RF-275 Pressurized Spray: Active Ingredients 1.00% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 1.00% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.20% Pyrethrins, 0.015% 2,4-Dodecadienoic acid, 11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-, 1-methylethyl ester, (2E, 4E, 7S)-
Multicide 29131: Active Ingredients 0.15% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.15% Phenothrin
Turbocide Pest Control System With Pyrocide: Active Ingredients 4.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.5% Pyrethrins
Pyrocide Flea & Tick Shampoo 51921: Active Ingredients 0.50% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 0.30% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.15% Pyrethrins
Evercide Total Release Aerosol 2614: Active Ingredients 0.167% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 0.100% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.050% Pyrethrins, 0.100% Esfenvalerate, 0.100% 2-(1-Methyl-2-(4-phenoxyphenoxy)ethoxy)pyridine
Multicide Concentrate 2593: Active Ingredients 28.58% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 17.15% Piperonyl butoxide, 3.43% Phenothrin, 0.72% Prallethrin
Evergreen Emulsifiable 60-6: Active Ingredients 60.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 6.0% Pyrethrins
Clearmol Concentrate 6643: Active Ingredients 8.34%N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 5.00% Piperonyl butoxide, 2.50% Pyrethrins
Pratt's Home & Garden Insect Bomb: Active Ingredients 0.30% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 0.54% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.15% Pyrethrins
Nusyn - Noxfish Fish Toxicant: Active Ingredients 2.5% Piperonyl butoxide, 2.5% Rotenone, 2.5% Cube Resins other than rotenone
Prentox Pyronyl Fogging & Contact Spray: Active Ingredients 0.825% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 0.500% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.250% Pyrethrins
Prentox Synpren-Fish Toxicant: Active Ingredients 2.5% Piperonyl butoxide, 2.5% Rotenone, 5.0% Cube Resins other than rotenone
Laser Ant & Roach Killer: Active Ingredients 1.00% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.05% Pyrethrins, 0.10% Cyfluthrin
Pyrenone Stabilene Horse Insecticide: Active Ingredients 15.0% Butoxypolypropylene glycol, 1.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.1% Pyrethrins
Alleviate Plus Insecticide: Active Ingredients 1.25% d-trans-Allethrin, 6.00% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.50% Pyrethrins
Farnam Crash! II Fly Spray For Horses: Active Ingredients 20.0% Butoxypolypropylene glycol, 2.0% Dipropyl isocinchomeronate, 6.4% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.8% Pyrethrins, 0.6% Cypermethrin
Mycodex Fastact WP Flea & Tick Spray With Nylar Mycodex All-In-One: Active Ingredients 0.50% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 1.50% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.15% Pyrethrins, 0.15% 2-(1-Methyl-2-(4-phenoxyphenoxy)ethoxy)pyridine
Redline Flea And Tick Mist: Active Ingredients 0.50% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 1.45% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.15% Pyrethrins
Adams Flea And Tick Mist II: Active Ingredients 0.50% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 1.50% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.15% Pyrethrins
Sulfodene Scratchex Flea And Tick Shampoo For Dogs And Cats: Active Ingredients 0.153% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 0.092% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.046% Pyrethrins
Equicare Flysect Super C Repellent Concentrate: Active Ingredients 2.50% Dipropyl isocinchomeronate, 3.10% N-Octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide, 1.85% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.50% Pyrethrins, 1.00% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Equi-Dust: Active Ingredients 0.25% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.03% Pyrethrins, 1.48% Rotenone, 2.22% Cube Resins other than rotenone
Farnam Crash! Fly Spray Concentrate: Active Ingredients 20.0% Butoxypolypropylene glycol, 2.0% Dipropyl isocinchomeronate, 6.4% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.8% Pyrethrins, 0.6% Cypermethrin
Flys-Off Insect Repellent For Dogs: Active Ingredients 17.589% Butoxypolypropylene glycol, 0.375% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.136% Pyrethrins
Crossfire Concentrate 1 W/SBP-1382/ESBIOTH./PIP.BUT. 8.34%-4.17%-16.6: Active Ingredients 4.17% d-trans-Allethrin, 16.67% Piperonyl butoxide, 8.34% Resmethrin
SBP-1382/ESBIOTHRIN/P.B.O. Insecticide AQ, Press Spray 0.20% + 0.10% +: Active Ingredients 0.1% d-trans-Allethrin, 0.4% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.2% Resmethrin
Vectrin Four-Plus-One: Active Ingredients 5.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 1.0% Pyrethrins,4.0% Resmethrin
Kill Zone Flea And Tick Killer 2000: Active Ingredients 0.5% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.1% Pyrethrins, 0.2% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Spraypak Indoor Insect Fogger Formula 4: Active Ingredients 0.75% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.15% Pyrethrins, 0.30% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Gordon's Wasp & Hornet Spray, Tetraperm Total Release Indoor Fogger Q3: Active Ingredients 0.50% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.10% Tetramethrin, 0.25% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Tetralate-Butacide Insect Killer WBA N109: Active Ingredients 0.250% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.250% Tetramethrin, 0.125% Resmethrin
Tetraperm Wasp & Hornet Killer FEQ 24: Active Ingredients 0.750% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.150% Tetramethrin, 0.375% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Butamin Indoor/Outdoor Spray: Active Ingredients 2.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.4% Tetramethrin
Champion Sprayon Yard & Patio Insect Killer: Active Ingredients 0.75% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.15% Tetramethrin, 0.15% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Tetraperm Indoor Insect Killer N104 WBA, Tetraperm Total Release Indoor Fogger N104: Active Ingredients 1.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.2% Tetramethrin, 0.2% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Turbocide Pest Control System With Synthrin Butacide: Active Ingredients 3.75% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.75% Resmethrin
Oblique: Active Ingredients 4.5% Piperonyl butoxide,1.5% Resmethrin
Synthrin Plus Pyrenone 415 M.A.G.C.: Active Ingredients 5.00% Piperonyl butoxide, 1.00% Pyrethrins, 4.54% Resmethrin
Scourge Insecticide W/ SBP-1382/Piperonyl Butoxide 18%+54% MF Form.II: Active Ingredients 54.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 18.0% Resmethrin
Repel-X RTU: Active Ingredients 0.50% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.05% Pyrethrins, 0.10% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Pyraperm Flea & Tick Spray: Active Ingredients 0.50% Piperonyl butoxide,0.05% Pyrethrins, 0.05% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Pyraperm 709 Fogger: Active Ingredients 1.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.2% Pyrethrins, 0.4% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Permanone Dusting Powder: Active Ingredients 2.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.5% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Allpro Evoluer 4-4 ULV: Active Ingredients 4.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 4.0% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Skeeter-Mite 150-750 ULV: Active Ingredients 7.5% Piperonyl butoxide, 1.5% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Allpro Aqualuer 20-20: Active Ingredients 20.6% Piperonyl butoxide, 20.6% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Omen 30-30 ULV: Active Ingredients 30.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 30.0% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Pyraperm (7.5-15-37.5) O-B Concentrate: Active Ingredients 37.5% Piperonyl butoxide, 7.5% Pyrethrins, 15.0% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Permanone 31-66: Active Ingredients 66.00% Piperonyl butoxide, 31.28% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Perm-X UL 31-66: Active Ingredients 66.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 31.0% Permethrin, mixed cis,trans
Ford's Garden Spray, R&M Floral & Vegetable Spray #1, Warner Enterprises Tomato & Vegetable Spray: Active Ingredients 0.20% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.02% Pyrethrins
Purina Animal Shampoo, Sureco Flea & Tick Shampoo #4: Active Ingredients 0.750% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.075% Pyrethrins
Bonide Dairy & Horse Fly Spray, Sureco Aqueous Flea & Tick Spray #4: Active Ingredients 1.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.1% Pyrethrins
Pyrenone General Purpose Spray Insecticide: Active Ingredients 1.50% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.15% Pyrethrins
SMCP Warehouse Fog Insecticide: Active Ingredients 1.900% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.385% Pyrethrins
Drop Dead Pyrethrum Insecticide: Active Ingredients 3.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.5% Pyrethrins
Ultratec Insecticide with Pyrethrins, Piperonyl Butox. T.E.C. 3.75%-3.75%: Active Ingredients 3.75% Piperonyl butoxide, 3.75% Pyrethrins
Prozap LD-44Z Insect Fogger: Active Ingredients 4.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.5% Pyrethrins
Pyrenone Mushroom Fogging Insecticide, Pyrenone Food Plant Fogging Insecticide: Active Ingredients 5.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.5% Pyrethrins
Prentox Pyronyl Roach Spray Concentrate: Active Ingredients 7.5% Piperonyl butoxide, 1.5% Pyrethrins
Chem Tech Metered Refill: Active Ingredients 9.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 0.9% Pyrethrins
Pyrenone Garden Spray Concentrate, Selco Pyrenone Emulsifiable Concentrate: Active Ingredients 10.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 1.0% Pyrethrins
Pyrenone Small Animal & Kennel Insecticide Emulsifiable Concentrate: Active Ingredients 11.84% Piperonyl butoxide, 1.18% Pyrethrins
Aquapy: Active Ingredients 15.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 3.0% Pyrethrins
Pyrenone Aerosol Concentrate 20-5: Active Ingredients 20.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 5.0% Pyrethrins
Hopkins Pestrin Fogging Spray-C 1: Active Ingredients 25.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 5.0% Pyrethrins
Kicker: Active Ingredients 60.0% Piperonyl butoxide, 6.0% Pyrethrins
Elite Barn And Stable Spray II: Active Ingredient 30.0% Piperonyl butoxide
Butacide 8 E.C.: Active Ingredient 91.0% Piperonyl butoxide
Aldhion P75, Metracid: mixture of piperonyl butoxide + tetramethrin, I.N.D.I.A. Industrie Chimiche S.A.
Amplat: mix of piperonyl butoxide + cypermethrin + tetramethrin, I.N.D.I.A. Industrie Chimiche S.A.
Arma: mix of piperonyl butoxide + cypermethrin, Agroquimicos Versa S.A. de C.V.
Anvil is a pesticide product that is used to control mosquitoes ... contains sumithrin, piperonyl butoxide and petroleum solvents.
Biodell: mix of piperonyl butoxide + S-bioallethrin + deltamethrin, VAPCO, Veterinary & Agricultural Products Mfg. Co. Ltd.
Butacide
Butocide
Butoxide
Chinetrin: mix of piperonyl butoxide + permethrin + tetramethrin, Agro-Chemie Ltd.
Duracide 15, piperonyl butoxide + tetramethrin, Endura Fine Chemicals
Duracide P, Super Duracide P: mix of piperonyl butoxide + permethrin + tetramethrin, Endura Fine Chemicals
Evergeen: mix of piperonyl butoxide + pyrethrins, McLaughlin Gormley King Co. (MGK)
Neo-Stop Plus: mix of piperonyl oxide + chlorpropham + pyrethrins, Chimac-Agriphar S.A.
Nusyn-noxfish
Phinco-T22: mix of piperonyl butoxide + permethrin + tetramethrin, VAPCO, Veterinary & Agricultural Products Mfg. Co. Ltd.
Prentox
Prentox Perm-X: mix of piperonyl butoxide + permethrin, Prentiss Incorporated.
Prentox Pyronyl: mixture of piperonyl butoxide + pyrethrins, Prentiss Incorporated
PT 1600 X-clude, Pyreth-It, Pyrethrum: mixture of piperonyl butoxide + pyrethrins, Whitmire Micro-Gen Research Laboratories.
Pybuthrin
Pyrenone 606
Sintrina PU: mix of piperonyl butoxide + permethrin + tetramethrin, I.N.D.I.A. Industrie Chimiche S.A.
Superkill: mix of piperonyl butoxide + cypermethrin + tetramethrin, VAPCO, Veterinary & Agricultural Products Mfg. Co. Ltd.
Synpren-fish
Tristar: mix of piperonyl butoxide + lambda-cyhalothrin + tetramethrin, The Arabs Pesticides & Veterinary Drugs Mfg. Co. (Mobedco)
Vapocom: mix of piperonyl butoxide + cyfluthrin + propoxur + tetramethrin, VAPCO, Veterinary & Agricultural Products Mfg. Co. Ltd.
X-Sweep: mix of piperonyl butoxide + permethrin + tetramethrin, Tyeng Long Inc.
USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code 067501; Trade Names: Butacide, ENT-14250, Pybuthrin.
Mixt of pyrethrin and piperonyl butoxide registered as pyrenones by Fairfield America Corp in USA, as pybuthrins by Cooper, McDougall & Robertson Ltd in Great Britain, & pyrocides by McLaughlin Gormley King Co in USA.
Available in various mixtures with synthetic pyrethroids, eg, Derringer, Duracide, Grovex, Prentox, Scourge; also in combination with rotenone, qv, PB-NOX, Chem-fish, Rotacide.
Dust, emulsifiable concentrate, fogger, paper coating, pressurized spray, solution, wettable powder.
【Exposure Standards and Regulations】
Pediculicide active ingredients. The active ingredients of the product consist of the combination of pyrethrum extract (providing a concentration of pyrethrins of 0.17 to 0.33 percent) with piperonyl butoxide (2 to 4 percent) in a nonaerosol dosage formulation.
【Reactivities and Incompatibilities】
... Can react with oxidizing materials.
【Other Preventative Measures】
SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in a manner that results in no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose of, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance procedures to confirm the efficacy of the cleaning procedures should be implemented prior to the decontaminated protective clothing being returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing (including shoes/socks) should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.
Users should wash hands before eating, drinking, chewing gum, using tobacco, or using the toilet. Users should remove clothing/PPE immediately if pesticide gets inside. Then wash thoroughly and put on clean clothing. Users should remove PPE immediately after handling this product. Wash the outside of gloves before removing. As soon as possible, wash thoroughly and change into clean clothing.
Follow manufacturer's instructions for cleaning/maintaining PPE. If no such instructions for washables exist, use detergent and hot water. Keep and wash PPE separately from other laundry. Discard clothing and other absorbent material that have been drenched or heavily contaminated with the product's concentrate. Do not reuse them.
Do not apply directly to water, to areas where surface water is present or to intertidal areas below the mean high water mark. Do not contaminate water when disposing of equipment wash-waters or rinsate.
Wear the items of protective clothing the label requires: for example, non-absorbent gloves (not leather or fabric), rubber footwear (not canvas or leather), a hat, goggles, or a dust-mist filter. If no specific clothing is listed, gloves, long-sleeved shirts and long pants, and closed shoes are recommended. You can buy protective clothing and equipment at hardware stores or building supply stores.
Indoor Applications. If the label directions permit, leave all windows open and fans operating after the application is completed. If the pesticide product is only effective in an unventilated (sealed) room or house, do not stay there. Put all pets outdoors, and take yourself any your family away from treated areas for at least the length of time prescribed on the label. Apply most surface sprays only to limited areas such as cracks; don't treat entire floors, walls, or ceilings. Don't let pesticides get on any surfaces that are used for food preparation. Wash any surfaces that may have pesticide residue before placing food on them.
Indoor Applications. When using total release foggers to control pests, use no more than the amount needed and to keep foggers away from ignition sources (ovens, stoves, air conditioners, space heaters, and water heaters, for example). Foggers should not be used in small, enclosed places such as closets and cabinets or under tables and counters.
Outdoor Applications. Never apply pesticides outdoors on a windy day (winds higher than 10 mph). Position yourself so that a light breeze does not blow pesticide spray or dust into your face.
【Protective Equipment and Clothing】
Handler PPE Requirements for Wettable Powders Formulations Packaged in Water Soluble Packaging. Mixers, loaders, applicators, and other handlers must wear: - long-sleeve shirt, - long pants, and - shoes and socks. In addition to the above PPE, applicators using a high pressure handwand in an enclosed area must wear at least a NIOSH-approved respirator with: -- a dust/mist filter with MSHA/NIOSH approval number prefix TC-21C or -- any N, R, P, or HE filter. In addition to the above PPE, applicators using hand held foggers in an enclosed area must wear at least a half face NIOSH-approved respirator with: -- a dust/mist filtering cartridge (MSHA/NIOSH approval number prefix TC-21C), or -- a canister approved for pesticides (MSHA/NIOSH approval number prefix TC-14G), or -- a cartridge or canister with any N,R,P or HE filter. Drop the "N" type prefilter from the respirator statement, if the pesticide product contains, or is used with, oil.
Handler PPE Requirements for Liquid Formulations1 [including: liquid concentrates, total release foggers, microencapsulated concentrates, foams, aerosols, gels, pastes, and pressurized liquids]. Note: The statement may be omitted if the end-use product is labeled only for use on pets. Mixers, loaders, applicators, and other handlers must wear the following: - long-sleeve shirt, - long pants, - shoes and socks. In addition to the above PPE, mixers and loaders supporting aerial applications to forests and/or applicators using a high pressure handwand in an enclosed area must wear at least a NIOSH-approved respirator with: -- a dust/mist filter with MSHA/NIOSH approval number prefix TC-21C or -- any N, R, P, or HE filter. In addition to the above PPE, applicators using hand held foggers in an enclosed area must wear a half-face, full-face, or hood-style NIOSH-approved respirator with: -- a dust/mist filtering cartridge (MSHA/NIOSH approval number prefix TC-21C), or -- a canister approved for pesticides (MSHA/NIOSH approval number prefix TC-14G), or -- a cartridge or canister with any N,R,P or HE filter. "See engineering controls for additional requirements." Instruction to Registrant: Drop the "N" type filter from the respirator statement, if the pesticide product contains, or is used with, oil. Products that prohibit aerial applications may omit the reference to engineering control statements.
Handler PPE Requirements for Dusts. Loaders, applicators, and other handlers must wear the following: - long-sleeve shirt, - long pants, - shoes and socks. In addition, applicators using power duster equipment must wear a half-face, full-face, or hood-style NIOSH-approved respirator with: -- a dust/mist filtering cartridge (MSHA/NIOSH approval number prefix TC-21C), or -- a canister approved for pesticides (MSHA/NIOSH approval number prefix TC-14G), or -- a cartridge or canister with any N,R, P, or HE filter.
Engineering Controls: Wettable Powders packaged in Water-Soluble Bags. Water-soluble packets when used correctly qualify as a closed mixing/loading system under the Worker Protection Standard for Agricultural Pesticides [40 CFR 170.240(d)(4)]. Mixers and loaders using water-soluble packets must : -- wear the personal protective equipment required in the PPE section of this labeling for mixers and loaders, and -- be provided and must have immediately available for use in an emergency, such as a broken package, spill, or equipment breakdown a half-face, full-face, or hood-style NIOSH-approved respirator with: -- a dust/mist filtering cartridge (MSHA/NIOSH approval number prefix TC-21C), or -- a canister approved for pesticides (MSHA/NIOSH approval number prefix TC-14G), or -- a cartridge or canister with any N,R,P or HE filter. Pilots must use an enclosed cockpit that meets the requirements listed in the Worker Protection Standard (WPS) for agricultural pesticides [40 CFR 170.240(d)(6)]. Human flagging is prohibited. Flagging to support aerial application is limited to use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) or mechanical flaggers.Drop the "N" type prefilter from the respirator statement, if the pesticide product contains, or is used with, oil.
Engineering Controls for all liquid formulations. Pilots must use an enclosed cockpit that meets the requirements listed in the Worker Protection Standard (WPS) for agricultural pesticides [40 CFR 170.240(d)(6)]. Human flagging is prohibited. Flagging to support aerial application is limited to use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) or mechanical flaggers.
Entry restrictions for products with Worker Protection Standard (WPS) uses: Do not enter or allow worker entry into treated areas during the restricted entry interval (REI) of 12 hours. PPE required for early entry to treated areas that is permitted under the Worker Protection Standard and that involves contact with anything that has been treated, such as soil or water, is: - coveralls, - chemical-resistant gloves made of any waterproof material, and shoes plus socks
Entry Restrictions for products with non-WPS uses on the label. Products applied as a spray (does not apply to products applied directly to domestic animals): Do not enter or allow others to enter until sprays have dried. Products applied dry: Do not enter or allow others to enter until dusts have settled. Products applied as a space spray or as a fog: Do not enter or allow others to enter until vapors, mists, and aerosols have dispersed, and the treated area has been thoroughly ventilated.
Entry Restrictions for products with non-WPS uses on the label. Entry Restrictions for products labeled for use when people are present. Products labeled for use as a directed spray (does not apply to products applied directly to domestic animals): Except when (insert application method or site that allows people to be present), do not enter or allow others to enter until sprays have dried. Products labeled for use as a space spray: Except when (insert application method or site that allows people to be present), do not enter or allow others to enter until vapors, mists, and aerosols have dispersed, and the treated area has been thoroughly ventilated.
Entry Restrictions for products with non-WPS uses on the label. General Application Restrictions. Do not apply this product in a way that will contact workers or other persons, either directly or through drift. Only protected handlers may be in the area during application.
【Specification】

?Piperonyl butoxide?(CAS NO.51-03-6), its Synonyms are?1,3-Benzodioxole, 5-((2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethoxy)methyl)-6-propyl- ; 2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethyl 6-propylpiperonyl ether ; 3,4-Methylendioxy-6-propylbenzyl-n-butyl-diaethylenglykolaether ;?3,4-Methylenedioxy-6-propylbenzyl n-butyl diethyleneglycol ether ; 3,4-Methylenedioxy-6-propylbenzyl n-butyldiethyleneglycol ether ; 3,4-Methylenedioxy-6-propylbenzyl-n-butyl-diaethylenglykolaether ;?5-(2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethoxymethyl)-6-propyl-1,3-benzodioxole ; 5-Propyl-4-(2,5,8-trioxa-dodecyl)-1,3-benzodioxol ; 5-Propyl-4-(2,5,8-trioxa-dodecyl)-1,3-benzodioxol [German] ; 6-(Propylpiperonyl)-butyl carbityl ether ; 6-(Propylpiperonyl)butylcarbityl ether ; 6-Propylpiperonyl butyl diethylene glycol ether .

【Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient】
log Kow = 4.75
【Disposal Methods】
SRP: Criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.
Safe Disposal of Pesticides. The best way to dispose of small amounts of excess pesticides is to use them - apply them - according to the directions on the label. If you cannot use them, ask your neighbors whether they have a similar pest control problem and can use them. If all of the remaining pesticide cannot be properly used, check with your local solid waste management authority, environmental agency, or health department to find out whether your community has a household hazardous waste collection program or a similar program for getting rid of unwanted, leftover pesticides. These authorities can also inform you of any local requirements for pesticide waste disposal.
Safe Disposal of Pesticides. An empty pesticide container can be as hazardous as a full one because of residues left inside. Never reuse such a container. When empty, a pesticide container should be rinsed carefully three times and the rinsewater thoroughly drained back onto the sprayer or the container previously used to mix the pesticide. Use the rinsewater as a pesticide, following label directions. Replace the cap or closure securely. Dispose of the container according to label instructions. Do not puncture or burn a pressurized container like an aerosol - it could explode. Do cut or puncture other empty pesticide containers made of metal or plastic to prevent someone from reusing them. Wrap the empty container and put it in the trash after you have rinsed it.

Use and Manufacturing

【Use and Manufacturing】
Methods of Manufacturing

Reaction of the chloromethyl derivative of dihydrosafrole with the sodium salt of butyl carbitol
... By condensing 5-chloromethyl-6-propyl-1,3-benzodioxole with sodium-2(2-butoxyethoxy)ethoxide ...
H. Wachs, US patents, 2,485,681; 2,550,737 (1949, 1951, both to US Industrial Chemicals); Science 105, 530 (1947).
U.S. Production

(1975) 4.54X10+8 grams (consumption)
(1976) Probably greater than 2.27x10+6 grams
Production volumes for non-confidential chemicals reported under the Inventory Update Rule. Year Production Range (pounds) 1986 10 thousand - 500 thousand 1990 10 thousand - 500 thousand 1994 10 thousand - 500 thousand 1998 >500 thousand - 1 million 2002 10 thousand - 500 thousand [US EPA; Non-confidential Production Volume Information Submitted by Companies for Chemicals Under the 1986-2002 Inventory Update Rule (IUR). 1,3-Benzodioxole, 5-[
Production volume for non-confidential chemicals reported under the 2006 Inventory Update Rule. Chemical: 1,3-Benzodioxole, 5-[[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethoxy]methyl]-6-propyl-. Aggreated National Production Volume: 
Consumption Patterns

Synergist with insecticides, of which 80% is used in household, commercial, and industrial applications and 20% in agriculture for livestock and poultry (1975)
Approximately 5,000 to 10,000 pounds of PBO are used annually in the U.S. on agricultural crops, with highest usage on potatoes (30% crop treated).
【Usage】
Insecticide synergist, especially for pyrethroids and rotenone

Biomedical Effects and Toxicity

【Pharmacological Action】
- Chemicals that, while not possessing inherent pesticidal activity, nonetheless promote or enhance the effectiveness of other pesticides when combined.
【Therapeutic Uses】
Piperonyl butoxide itself has no known therapeutic use. ... Formulations of pyrethrins containing piperonyl butoxide are used as a pediculicide to control the body louse Pediculus humanus humanus, the head louse, P. humanus capitus, and the crab louse Pthirus pubis ... .
【Biomedical Effects and Toxicity】
No ... significant percutaneous absorption /in test mammals/.
Distribution of radioactivity showed that the brain and thoracic ganglia, fore- and hind-gut, and Malpighian tubules of the kidney contained greatest amt of ... /(14)C-labeled piperonyl butoxide/ per unit wt ... /in Madeira roaches/.
Piperonyl butoxide is poorly absorbed from GI tract. In 2 experiments, 78% & 87%, respectively, of dose admin orally to dogs were recovered in feces. The small proportion that was absorbed from GI tract was rapidly excreted in urine. Intratracheal admin led to more prolonged excretion of metabolites in the bile and urine, but even in this instance residues in lung tissue were less than they were following iv admin.
... 48 hr after oral admin of ... (14)C-piperonyl butoxide ... to mice, 76% of (14)C had been excreted in expired air, 7% in urine, and 4% in feces ... In rats, about 40% was excreted as (14)C-CO2 in expired air, 8 hr after iv dose ...
After iv admin of labeled piperonyl butoxide to rats, the radioactivity was widely distributed to various tissues, but after oral admin the synergist was rather poorly absorbed from the GI tract and rapidly excreted in the urine and feces. Intratracheal admin led to initially high levels of biliary excretion followed by a prolonged period of elimination. Lower lung tissue residues of unmetabolized synergist were found after both oral and intratracheal admin as compared to that following iv dosage.
Elimination is as the glucoside or amino acid derivative.
The metabolism of PBO in lactating goats following multiple oral or dermal administrations was separately investigated. The test substance, [14C]PBO, was uniformly labeled in the phenyl ring. During the testing period, the goats were fed commercial goat feed and alfalfa cubes and allowed water ad libitum. Milk was collected at 12-hr intervals after the start of the dosing period until termination. The goats were sacrificed 22 hr after the last dose, and the following samples were collected: omental fat with peripheral fat (adjacent to the omentum), muscle (leg plus loin), heart, liver, and kidney. For the dermal study, one lactating goat received [14C]PBO by application to the skin as a 10% solution in methanol for five days. According to the registrant's calculations, the goat administered [14C]PBO by dermal application, received an amount of PBO that represented a dose equivalent to 0.23 mg/kg bw, or to 6.85 ppm if calculated based on the goat's feed intake. The dose solution to be administered was added in a dropwise manner onto a shaved area of the goat's back and spread evenly over the test area with a pipette. The /total radioactive residues/ (TRR) in dermally treated samples were: 0.196 ppm in fat, 0.149 ppm in liver, 0.113 ppm in kidney, 0.040 ppm in composite milk, and 0.023 ppm in composite muscle. These results indicate that the distribution of radioactivity is affected by the route of administration. In the dermal treatment study, fat contained the highest level of radioactivity. The majority of 14C-residues were characterized/identified in leg muscle (-90% TRR) and fat (-87% TRR) of dermally treated goats. ...The parent, PBO, was identified in all matrices of dermally treated goats. PBO was the major residue in milk (31.02% TRR), leg muscle (61.84% TRR), fat (79.22% TRR), and liver (4.76% TRR). Four metabolites (Metabolites 11, 12, 13, and 14) were additionally identified. ...For the oral study, two lactating goats received [14C]PBO by gavage using a balling gun at nominal dose levels equivalent to 10 and 100 ppm of daily feed intake for five consecutive days. The feeding levels are -0.1x and 1x the tentative maximum theoretical dietary exposure of dairy cattle to PBO residues. Following oral administration of the test substance at 100 ppm in the diet, the TRR were: 2.007 ppm in liver, 0.398 ppm in kidney, 0.317 ppm in composite milk, 0.234 ppm in fat, and 0.008 ppm in composite muscle. ... In the orally dosed goats, the highest level of radioactivity occurred in liver. The majority of 14C- residues were adequately characterized/identified in fat (-82% TRR). However, only -36% of TRR in liver, -52% of TRR in milk, and -53% of TRR in kidney was characterized or identified; this is a data gap. To upgrade this study, the registrant was requested to conduct additional analytical work on the aqueous fraction of liver (10.04% of TRR, 0.201 ppm) remaining after acid hydrolysis of non-extractable residues, and on the remaining nonextractable residues (31.46% of TRR, 0.631 ppm) of liver. The registrant was also requested to conduct additional work with milk and kidney to identify metabolites such that a greater percentage of the TRR is identified. For liver, milk, and kidney, an explanation for the -32%, 45%, and 39% of TRR, respectively, that was lost or unaccounted for in the isolated fractions or HPLC peaks must be provided.
...Ten hens received a dermal application of a dosing solution containing [14C]PBO at a nominal dose level equivalent to 10 ppm of the daily feed intake. ...The /total radioactive residues/ (TRR) in dermally treated samples were: 0.347 ppm in fat, 0.158 ppm in liver, 0.083 ppm in skin, 0.007 ppm in thigh muscle, and 0.003 ppm in breast muscle. Unlike the goat study, the distribution of radioactivity in poultry tissues following dermal treatment was similar to that following oral treatment. The TRR in composite egg whites and yolks were 
...Ten hens received [14C]PBO by gavage at nominal dose levels equivalent to 10 and 100 ppm of daily feed intake for five consecutive days. The feeding levels are 50x and 500x the tentative maximum theoretical dietary exposure of poultry to PBO residues. Following oral administration of the test substance to laying hens at 100 ppm in the diet, the /total radioactive residues/ (TRR) were: 5.488 ppm in fat, 1.619 ppm in liver, 0.982 ppm in skin, 0.158 ppm in thigh muscle, and 0.032 ppm in breast muscle. The TRR in composite egg whites and yolks were 0.052-0.629 ppm and 0.004-1.933 ppm, respectively. The total radioactivity in composite egg whites and yolks generally increased during the course of dosing. The majority of 14C-residues were sufficiently characterized/identified in fat (~78% TRR), skin (~76% TRR), egg white (>100% TRR), egg yolk (~83% TRR), and thigh muscle (~86% TRR) of orally dosed hens. However, only ~50% of TRR was characterized/identified in liver which is a study deficiency. To upgrade this study, the registrant was requested to conduct additional analytical work on the aqueous fraction of liver (19.97% of TRR, 0.323 ppm) resulting after hydrolysis of the nonextractable residues, and on the remaining non-extractable residues of liver (46.61% of TRR, 0.755 ppm). The parent, PBO, was identified in all matrices of orally dosed hens except liver. PBO was the major residue in fat (78.27% TRR), skin (45.31% TRR), egg white (>100% TRR), egg yolk (61.11% TRR), and thigh muscle (72.80% TRR). Four additional metabolites were identified in tissues.

Environmental Fate and Exposure Potential

【Environmental Fate/Exposure Summary】
TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values ranging from 399-830(2) indicate that piperonyl butoxide is expected to have moderate to low mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of piperonyl butoxide from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 8.9X10-11 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Piperonyl butoxide is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 5.2X10-6 mm Hg at 25 deg C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(4). A half-life in aerobic soils of 14 days(2) suggests that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).
AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values ranging from 399-830(2) indicate that piperonyl butoxide is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 8.9X10-11 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 27(SRC), from a log Kow of 4.75(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). A half-life in aerobic soils of 14 days(2) suggests that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).
ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), piperonyl butoxide, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 2.6X10-7 mm Hg at 25 deg C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase piperonyl butoxide is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3.6 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.1X10-10 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 deg C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase piperonyl butoxide may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). Piperonyl butoxide contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC); it was rapidly degraded (half-life 8.4 hours) in aqueous solution when illuminated with sunlight(5).

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