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Name:	Mancozeb
CAS No:	8018-01-7
CAS No:	8065-67-6
CAS No:	2234-56-2

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

【Name】: Mancozeb

【CAS Registry number】: 8018-01-7; 8065-67-6
2234-56-2

【Synonyms】: Manganese zinc ethylenebisdithiocarbamate
((1,2-Ethanediylbis(carbamodithioato)))manganese mixture with ((1,2-ethandiylbis(carbamodithioate)))zinc

【Molecular Formula】: C4H6MnN2S4;C4H6ZnN2S4 (Products with the same molecular formula)

【Molecular Weight】: 265.28;275.72

【Inchi】: InChI=1S/2C4H8N2S4.Mn.Zn/c2*7-3(8)5-1-2-6-4(9)10;;/h2*1-2H2,(H2,5,7,8)(H2,6,9,10);;/q;;2*+2/p-4

【Canonical SMILES】: C(CNC(=S)[S-])NC(=S)[S-].C(CNC(=S)[S-])NC(=S)[S-].[Mn+2].[Zn+2]

【MOL File】
8018-01-7;(8065-67-6).mol

Chemical and Physical Properties

【Appearance】: Grayish-yellow powder

【Melting Point】: 192-194 °C

【Boiling Point】: 308.2 °C at 760 mmHg

【Flash Point】: 140.2 °C

【Solubilities】: Insoluble in water
In water, 6.2 ppm, pH 7.5, 25 deg C
Insoluble in most organic solvents; dissolves in solutions of powerful chelating agents but cannot be recovered from them

【Color/Form】: Greyish-yellow free-flowing powder
Blue to green powdered solid

【Computed Properties】: Molecular Weight:541.074729 [g/mol]
Molecular Formula:C₈H₁₂MnN₄S₈Zn
H-Bond Donor:4
H-Bond Acceptor:8
Rotatable Bond Count:6
Tautomer Count:6
Exact Mass:538.749958
MonoIsotopic Mass:538.749958
Topological Polar Surface Area:181
Heavy Atom Count:22
Formal Charge:0
Complexity:108
Isotope Atom Count:0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count:0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count:0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count:0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count:0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:4

Safety and Handling

【Hazard Codes】: Xi

【Risk Statements】: R37;R43

【Safety Statements 】: S8;S24/25;S46

【Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Irritations】: The substance is irritating to the eyes and the respiratory tract, and is mildly irritating to the skin.

【Cleanup Methods】: SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.
Do NOT wash away into sewer. Sweep spilled substance into sealable containers. Carefully collect remainder, then remove to safe place.

【Transport】: UN 2210

【Fire Fighting Procedures】: Powder, water spray, foam, carbon dioxide.

【Fire Potential】: Combustible

【Formulations/Preparations】: Mancozeb (Dithane M45) is essentially a combination of maneb and zineb.
Mancozeb is a complex of zinc and maneb containing 20% of manganese and 2.55% of zinc. Chemical name is manganese ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) (polymeric) complex with zinc salt.
A complete list of currently registered active pesticide products can be found in the National Pesticide Information Retrieval System's USEPA/OPP Registered and Cancelled Pesticide Product Database. These pesticide products are registered for use in the U.S. but approved products may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved products.
Acrobat MZ Fungicide (BASF): Mancozeb 60%, Morpholine, 3-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl)- 9%
Cuprofix MZ Disperss (United Phosphorus): Mancozeb 30.4%, Basic cupric sulfate 22.1%
Dithane DF Rainshield (Dow): Mancozeb 75%
Dithane F45 Flowable Mancozeb Agricultural Fungicide (Dow): Mancozeb 37%
Dithane M45 Fungicide (Dow): Mancozeb 80%
Drexel Mancozeb Technical: Mancozeb 88%
Duosan WSB Wettable Powder Turf and Ornamental Fungicide (Scotts-Sierra): Mancozeb 64%, Thiophanate-methyl 15.6%
Dupont Mankocide fungicide: Mancozeb 15%, Copper hydroxide 46.1%
Dupont Manzate 80WP: Mancozeb 80%
Dupont Manzate Flowable: Mancozeb 37%
Dupont Manzate Pro-stick: Mancozeb 75%
Evolve Potato Seed Piece Treatment Fungicide (Bayer): Mancozeb 6%, Thiophanate-methyl 2.5%, Cymoxanil 1%
Formec 80 Turf & Ornamental Fungicide (PBI/Gordon): Mancozeb 80%
Gaucho-MZ potato seed-piece treatment (Gaucho): Mancozeb 6%, Imidacloprid 1.25%
Gavel 75 DF Agricultural Fungicide (Gowan): Mancozeb 66.7%, Zoxamide 8.3%
Grain Guard (Chemtura): Mancozeb 50%
Junction (Sepro): Mancozeb 15%, Copper hydroxide 46.1%
Mancozeb seed protectant fungicide (Ellis): Mancozeb 6%
Maxim MZ (Syngenta): Mancozeb 5.7%, Fludioxonil 0.5%
Moncoat MZ (Nichino): Mancozeb 6%, Flutolanil 1.5%
Penncozeb Technical (United Phosphorus): Mancozeb 88%
Penncozeb Turf and Ornamentals Fungicide (United Phosphorus): Mancozeb 80%
Pentathlon (Sepro): Mancozeb 37%
Pentathlon DF Fungicide Dispersible Granules (Sepro): Mancozeb 75%
Potato Seed Protector PS (Ellis): Mancozeb 8%
Potato Seed Treater A-Strep (Ellis): Mancozeb 8%, Streptomycin sesquisulfate 0.02%
Protect DF (Cleary): Mancozeb 75%
P.S.T. Plus Bark (Simplot): Mancozeb 6%
RH-0611 (Dow): Mancozeb 60%, Myclobutanil 2.25%
Ridomil Gold MZ (Syngenta): Mancozeb 64%, Metalaxyl-M 4%
Ridomil Gold MZ WG (Syngenta): Mancozeb 64%, Metalaxyl-M 4%
SA-50 Dithane M-45 (Southern Agricultural Insecticides): Mancozeb 80%
Tops MZ Potato seed-piece treatment fungicide (Bayer): Mancozeb 6%, Thiophanate-methyl 2.5%
Tops-MZ-Gaucho potato seed-piece treatment (Bayer): Mancozeb 6%, Thiophanate-methyl 2.5%, Imidacloprid 1.25%
Wingman (Phoenix Environmental): Mancozeb 75%
Blecar MN, powder for seed treatment (480 g/kg); Dithane LF, suspension concentrate (flowable) (455 g/L); Acarie M, Crittox MZ, Dithane M-45, Dithane 945, Manzate, wettable powder (600 or 800 g mancozeb/kg); Dithane M 45 Poudrage, dustable powder (60 g/kg).
... Dispersible powder, suspension concentrate, and powder for dry seed treatment. Mixtures; (mancazeb +) metalaxyl; benalaxyl; oxadixyl; cymoxanil; carbendazim; captan; fosetyl-aluminum; zineb; copper oxychloride; sulfur; dinocap; folpet; myclobutanil; fenpropimorph; Bordeaux mixture; pyrifenox; penconazole; and many others.
Dust, flowable suspension, liquid flowable, water dispersible granules, wettable powder.

【Other Preventative Measures】: SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.
SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.
Avoid long term exposure, even to small quantities. Keep away from flames and sparks.
Manufacturers of products formulated as wettable powders must prohibit application of wettable powder products to turf on sod farms and application of wettable powder formulations to turf unless packaged in water soluble packaging
Manufacturers of products formulated as liquids must prohibit application of liquids by aerial or chemigation methods to golf courses and application of liquids aerially to sod farms.
Manufacturers of products formulated as dusts must require closed systems for commercial seedpiece treatment.
Human flagging is prohibited. Flagging to support aerial application is limited to use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) or mechanical flaggers.
Follow manufacturer's instructions for cleaning/maintaining PPE. If no such instructions for washables exist, use detergent and hot water. Keep and wash PPE separately from other laundry. Discard clothing or other absorbent materials that have been drenched or heavily contaminated with this product's concentrate. Do not reuse them.
Users should wash hands before eating, drinking, chewing gum, using tobacco, or using the toilet. Users should remove clothing/ PPE immediately if pesticide gets inside, then wash thoroughly and put on clean clothing. Users should remove PPE immediately after handling this product. Wash the outside of gloves before removing. As soon as possible, wash thoroughly and change into clean clothing
Do not enter or allow worker entry into treated areas during the restricted entry interval (REI) of 24 hours.
Do not apply this product in a way that will contact workers or other persons, either directly or through drift. Only protected handlers may be in the area during application.
This pesticide is toxic to aquatic organisms. Do not apply directly to water, or to areas where surface water is present, or to inter-tidal areas below the mean high water mark. Do not contaminate water when cleaning equipment or disposing of equipment washwater or rinsate.

【Protective Equipment and Clothing】: End-Use Products Intended for Occupational Use (WPS and non-WPS). Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Liquid Concentrate. Mixers, loaders, applicators, and other handlers must wear: long-sleeved shirt, long pants, shoes and socks, and chemical-resistant gloves (except pilots, groundboom applicators, and airblast applicators). In addition, mixers/loaders supporting chemigation applications to turf on sod farms must wear a NIOSH-approved respirator with a dust/mist filter with MSHA/NIOSH approval number prefix TC-21C or any N*, R, P, or HE filter. *Instruction to registrant: Drop the "N" type filter from the respirator statement if the pesticide product contains or is used with oil.
End-Use Products Intended for Occupational Use (WPS and non-WPS). Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Liquid Concentrate, Liquid Ready-To-Use, and Dry Flowable Formulations. Mixers, loaders, applicators, and other handlers must wear: long-sleeved shirt, long pants, shoes and socks, and chemical-resistant gloves (except handlers who are bagging the treated seed or sewing the bags).
End-Use Products Intended for Occupational Use (WPS and non-WPS). Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Wettable Powder (WP) Formulations that are not packaged in water soluble packaging. (For all uses except seed and seed piece treatment). Mixer, loaders, applicators, and other handlers must wear: long-sleeved shirt, long pants, shoes and socks. In addition, all handlers except pilots, groundboom applicators, and airblast applicators must wear: chemical-resistant gloves, and a NIOSH-approved respirator with a dust/mist filter with MSHA/NIOSH approval number prefix TC-21C or any N*, R, P, or HE filter. Instruction to Registrant: Drop the "N" type filter from the respirator statement if the pesticide product contains, or is used with, oil.
End-Use Products Intended for Occupational Use (WPS and non-WPS). Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Wettable Powder (WP) Formulations that are not packaged in water soluble packaging. (For products with directions for use as a seed treatment). Mixer, loaders, applicators, and other handlers must wear: long-sleeved shirt, long pants, shoes and socks. In addition, all handlers (except handlers who are bagging the treated seed or sewing the bags) must wear: chemical-resistant gloves, and a NIOSH-approved respirator with a dust/mist filter with MSHA/NIOSH approval number prefix TC-21C or any N*, R, P, or HE filter. *Instruction to Registrant: Drop the "N" type filter from the respirator statement if the pesticide product contains, or is used with, oil.
End-Use Products Intended for Occupational Use (WPS and non-WPS). Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for (WP) Formulations that are packaged in water soluble packaging. Mixers, loaders, applicators, and other handlers must wear: long-sleeved shirt, long pants, shoes and socks, and chemical-resistant gloves (except pilots, groundboom applicators, and airblast applicators). In addition, handlers performing tasks, such as spill clean-up, that involve contact with the dry wettable powder must wear: a NIOSH-approved respirator with a dust/mist filter with MSHA/NIOSH approval number prefix TC-21C or any N*, R, P, or HE filter. *Instruction to Registrant: Drop the "N" type filter from the respirator statement if the pesticide product contains, or is used with, oil.
End-Use Products Intended for Occupational Use (WPS and non-WPS). Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Dust Formulation and Wettable Powder Formulations (applied dry). "Loaders, applicators, and other handlers must wear: long-sleeved shirt, long pants, shoes and socks, chemical-resistant gloves, and a NIOSH-approved respirator with a dust/mist filter with MSHA/NIOSH approval number prefix TC-21C or any N*, R, P, or HE filter. *Instruction to Registrant: Drop the "N" type filter from the respirator statement if the pesticide product contains, or is used with, oil.
Water-soluble packets when used correctly qualify as a closed mixing/loading system under the Worker Protection Standard for Agricultural Pesticides [40 CFR 170.240(d)(4)].
Engineering Controls: Pilots must use an enclosed cockpit that meets the requirements listed in the Worker Protection Standard (WPS) for agricultural pesticides [40 CFR 170.240(d)(6)].
PPE required for early entry to treated areas that is permitted under the Worker Protection Standard and that involves contact with anything that has been treated, such as soil or water, is: Coveralls, Shoes and socks, and Chemical-resistant gloves made of any waterproof material.

【Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient】: log Kow = 1.33

【Disposal Methods】: Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U114, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.
A potential candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 deg C and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds. A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 deg C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 deg C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids. /Ethylenebisdithiocarbamate/
Do not discharge effluent containing this product into lakes, streams, ponds, estuaries, oceans, or other waters unless in accordance with the requirements of a National Pollutant Discharge Eliminations System (NPDES) permit and the permitting authority has been notified in writing prior to discharge. ... For guidance, contact your State Water Board or Regional Office of the Environmental Protection Agency.

Use and Manufacturing

【Use and Manufacturing】: Methods of Manufacturing

Mancozeb is a polymeric mixture of a zinc salt and the chemical maneb.
Mancozeb is produced by reaction of a concentrated solution of zinc sulfate with a suspension of maneb in water.

U.S. Exports

(1984) 9.22 X 10+8 g /All dithiocarbamic acid salts/

U.S. Production

(1981) 6 x 10+9 g /All dithiocarbamates/
(1982) 5 x 10+9 g /All dithiocarbamates/
(1983) 8.81 X 10+6 g /All dithiocarbamic acid salts/

Consumption Patterns

3465 tons are used annually
In the United Kingdom, mancozeb is used on wheat, winter barley, spring barley, and oats at 253, 12, 1, and 1 tons per year, respectively.
Mancozeb use on various fruits and vegetables, including apples, potatoes, tomatoes, and wheat, in 1987 was 8,660,507 lbs active ingredient per year.

Biomedical Effects and Toxicity

【Pharmacological Action】: - Chemicals that kill or inhibit the growth of fungi in agricultural applications, on wood, plastics, or other materials, in swimming pools, etc.

【Therapeutic Uses】: Dithiocarbamates have ... been used to control various dermatophytes ... For example, tetramethylthiuram disulfide, incorporated in various soaps and lotions, has been used since 1942 for the treatment of scabies and other parasitic diseases of the skin in veterinary and human medicine ... Dithiocarbamates also have considerable biocidal activity against a number of protozoa. /Dithiocarbamates/

【Biomedical Effects and Toxicity】: Ethylenethiourea is a decomposition product and metabolite of the ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) group of fungicides. Following administration of single oral doses of (14)C ethylenethiourea to pregnant rats, maternal blood maintained peak radioactivity for 2 hr, and the radioactivity was dispersed uniformly between the RBC and plasma. The level of radioactivity was distributed equally among several maternal tissues but was present in lower amounts in embryos. 24 hr after treatment all tissues examined, except blood, were relatively clear of radioactivity, and 72.8% of the total radioactivity given had been excreted in the urine. Elution patterns of metabolites for Sephadex separation suggested that ethylenethiourea was degraded very little. /Ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) group of fungicides/ [Ruddick JA et al; Teratology 13 (1): 35 (1976)] PubMed Abstract
Mancozeb appears to be rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, distributed to target organs and excreted almost totally by 96 hr.
Rats dosed via a stomach tube with 20 mg (14)C-mancozeb per day for 7 days (equivalent to approx 100 mg/kg body weight) were killed one day after the last dose and the radioactivity in excreta and organs was measured. In the feces, urine, organs and tissues, and carcass, 71%, 16%, 0.31%, and 0.96% of the total radioactivity was detected, respectively. Specifically, the liver contained 0.19%, the kidneys, 0.076%, the thyroid gland, 0.003%, and all other organs,
The pharmacokinetics of (14)C-mancozeb (11.54 mCi/g = 25,619 dpm/ug; suspended in 0.5% methylcellulose in distilled water) were studied in Sprague-Dawley CD rats (both sexes) treated with a single oral dose of 1.5 (Group A) or 100 mg/kg (Group B) or a pulse (oral) dose of 1.5 mg/kg (14)C-mancozeb (Group C) which followed 2 weeks of dietary administration of nonradiolabelled mancozeb (84% pure; 15 ppm a.i.). Rats were terminated 96 hours after (14)C-mancozeb treatment. Bile cannulation occurred in both sexes of rat treated at 1.5 (Group D) and 100 mg/kg (Group E) for assessment of excretion in bile at 24 hours. Approximately half of the oral dose of mancozeb was absorbed in rats. Results showed non-linear kinetics occurred between 100 and 1.5 mg/kg. Absorption was moderately rapid (peak levels in 3 and 6 hours at 1.5 and 100 mg/kg, respectively). Elimination was biphasic. Most of the oral dose was eliminated in excreta within 24 hours--evenly divided between feces and urine. Small amounts were excreted in the bile (2-9%). Thyroid contained the greatest concentrations and peak concentrations in thyroid were not proportional to dose. Thyroid (14)C-concentrations were disproportionately less than the respective peak blood levels after 100 mg/kg than after 1.5 mg/kg (14)C-mancozeb indicating saturation at the high dose. Pretreatment with dietary nonradiolabelled mancozeb did not significantly affect the disposition or excretion of (14)C-mancozeb. The in vivo conversion of mancozeb to ETU was determined to be 6.8%.

Environmental Fate and Exposure Potential

【Environmental Fate/Exposure Summary】: TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 363(2) to >2,000(3) indicate that mancozeb is expected to have moderate to slight mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of mancozeb from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.5X10-11 atm-cu m/mole(2). Mancozeb is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 1.3X10-10 mm Hg(2). The biodegradation half-life of mancozeb in soil under aerobic conditions is
AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 363(2) to >2,000(3) indicate that mancozeb is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(4) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.5X10-11 atm-cu m/mole(2). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 4(SRC), from a log Kow of 1.33(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Hydrolysis rates for mancozeb have been reported from
ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), mancozeb, which has a vapor pressure of 1.3X10-10 mm Hg at 25 deg C(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase mancozeb may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). Mancozeb has a photolysis rate constant of >5.5/day in air which refers to a half-life of

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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

Chemical and Physical Properties

Safety and Handling

Use and Manufacturing

Biomedical Effects and Toxicity

Environmental Fate and Exposure Potential

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